Lock.



W. SZYMANSKI.

LOCK.

PPLwA'Hon ruim Novgur. laos.

91 1,088. Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

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@mitm/leases ever, if preferred be used as vanV ordinary WALERJAN SZYMAXSKI, GEORGE H.

BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGXOR OF ONE-HALF 'Iii MOLDEX, Ol" BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

No. 911,088. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

Application Bled November 7, QOB. Serial No. 461,513.

jects to provide a lock so constructed that certain releasing operations must be erformed before t e bolt can be retracte by rotation of the kev and in so constructing the lock that after the releasing operations are performed two rotations yof the key are required to retract the bolt, thus rendering it impossible for unauthorized persons to operate the lock, as, when the bolt has been 4moved to its fully thrown position it can onlly s be retracted by a person who understan The lock may, howlock, that is the bolt'when thrown to its primary locking position by a single rotation of the key maybe retracted by a single reverse rotation of the key and without preliminary operations.

the mechanism fully.

1 keeper 14 through which the bolt passes, 15

` the key-hole, 16 the key ost and 17 an escutcheon plate surroun ing the key hole which may or may not be used, aspreferred. I preferably, however, use the escutcheon plate and provide it with raisedbosses or projections 18 as it imparts an ornamental a pearance to the lock and the projections t ereon correspond with the releasing plate, presently to be described, and make picking of the lock more difficult.

19 denotes the bolt the forward end of which slides through and is retained by a strap 20 which is secured to the inner side of the face plate.V The reariend of the bolt is provided with a slot 21 which slides over a stud 22 projecting from the face plate and which acts to limit the movement of the boltr -in each direction. The lower edge of the bolt is provided with Walls or bearing surfaces 58, 59 and 60. Wall 58 is engaged by the key in its second rotation in unlocking to move the bolt from its primary locking to its secondary or fully thrown position, wall 59 is engaged by the key in its irst rotation in locking to move the bolt from its Vretracted position, indicated by dotted line 56`in Figs.

`With these and other objects in view the invention consists in certain constructions and in certain arts, improvements and combinations whic will be hereinafter des'cribed and then speciiically ointed out in the claims hereunto appen( ed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my novel lock showing the hasp in the locked position; Fig. 2 a section on the line 2-2 in Fic. 1 looking in tlie direction of the arrows; Tig. 3 an elevation of the lock reversed, 4 an elevation as seen from the back in ig. 1 with the back and' intermediate plates removed, the bolt bein in the secondary or fully thrown ositzin; i 5 a similar view with the tumb ers remove showing the degl; Fig. 6 a similar view with the dog remove Fig. 7 a section of the face plate on the line 77 in'F' 4 lookingin the direction of the arrows, t e mechanism of" the lock appearing in endelevation; a similar section on the line 88in Fig.l 5 lookin in the direction of the arrows; an Fig. y9` 1s a view of the do detached? Y i 10 denotes the' face p ate, 11 the back plate, 12 shouldered studs separating the plates, 13 va hasp which is provided With-,af

. with a recess 4, 5 and 6, t its primary locking position. indicated by dotted line 57, and wall 6U is en aged by the key in its second rotation in loc ing to move the bolt from its primary locking to its secondary or fully thrown position.

-24 denotes a do which is pivoted-on a stud 25, rejecting rom the bolt and extends rearwar'l therefrom. This dog is provided wit a recess 26 in its lower side to provide clearance for an angular stud 27 which rejects from the bolt. The rear end of the dog is provided with a thickened portion, indieated'by 28, and said thickened portion is provided with, a wall'or bearing surface 29 which isen ed by the key in. its first rotation in u oc 'n to return the bolt from its secondary or -u y thrown positiongto its 'primary4 loc position, indicated b dotted 57, wit a wall or bearlng s ace 30 w chis engaged by a stud, `presently to be escribed, with an inclined oove 31 which rises from the rear end of t edog and is also engaged by the stud, and 32 into which said stud passes when the bolt and do are fully retracted, as willfbe more fully exp ained.

43 denotes a sp'ingsecuredto the bolt :15.110

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at 44, Wh'ichbears against the dog and acts to retain it in operative position.

33 denotes tuxnblers--four in the present blnstance---which are pivoted on a stud 34 extending inward from the faceplate and are provided with slots 35 through which stud 2701i the bolt extends.

36, 37 and 38 denote angular recesses in the tumblers which open into the slots and are adapted to receive angular stud 27 to lock the bolt in the retracted and in the rimary and secondary locking positions.

he tumblers are retained in engagement With the stud by means of springs 39, one end of each s ring engaging a tumbler and the other end earmg against a si ud 40 which projects inward from the face plate. The opposite sides of slots 35 are provided with recesses 41 corresponding wit recesses 36, 37 and which are adapted to receive stud 27 and to prevent retraction of the bolt when ilttempt is made to pick the lock with a false 42 denotes the engaging walls or surfaces of the tumblers which are normally out of alinelnent with each other and require variant bits upon the key to place the slots and recesses in the tumblers 1n alinement. As this construction is common in locks, the tu mblers are shown only in su perposed position, and illustration of the different engaging walls is omitted.

An important feature of the resent invention is that when the bolt is 1n the sec-v ondary or fully thrown osition it is not subject to control by the rey until two preliminary releasing o erations have been erformed, which l w1 l now describe. The

ack plate, which carries the key post and two studs, is Iliade to yield outward. Between the back plate and the shouldered studs is an intermediate plate 45 which performs the usual functions of a back plate in retaining the parts of the lock in place and permits back plate 11 to have a spring action independent of the intermediate plate.

`The key post 16 projects inward from the back plate and passes through a clearance holein the intermediate plate.

46 denotes a stud also ln'ojectiner inward from the back plate and extending through a clearance hole in the intermediate late, which is engaged by the dog as alrear y referred to and as will presently be fully'described.

47 denotes a locking stud which projects inward from the back plate and passes through a clearance hole in the intermediate plate and is provided in one side with a recess 48 which is engaged by a locking plate 49 carried by a stud 50 which is adapted to reciprocate in a slot 51 in the tace plate. At the outer end of stud 50 is a releasing plate 52 which lies on the outer side of the face plate, or the outer side of the escutcheon plate if used, and serves as a :linger-piece to move locking late 49 out of the engaging bears nffainst stud 50 and acts to normally retaln the locking plate in the engaging p0- studs are threaded and are engaged by nuts 61. The nuts upon the lower studs (see Fig. 3) lie upon the outer side of the back plate and clamp both back and intermediate lates ti htly to the shoulders u on the stu s. At tilie upper end of the bac plate are clearance recesses 62 in which the upper nuts lie, said upper nuts locking the intermediate plate ri idly to the studs but leaving the upper end o the back late free' so that it may spring from its attac ed lower end.

The operation is as follows: As has been stated, my novel lock is ada ted, if preferred, to be used as an ordinary` ook; that is, the bolt may be thrown to t-.ie primary lockin position by a single rotation of the key an( may be retracted y a reverse rotation of the key. The essential features of novelty in the locl-r, however, are that the bolt may he thrown fartherforward past the primary locking osition by a second rotation of the key and) when thrown to this secondary position can only be returned to the retracted position by two reverse rotations of i the key, and lfurthermore that While the key can be rotated freely in either direction there will be nomovelnent whatever of the bolt toward the retracted position until two )reliminary operations have been performe in proper se uence. ln all the figures of the drawings t ie parts are shown in full lines in the fully locked position, other positions of the dog being indicated by dotted lines. Then the holt is fully thrown, that is by two rotations of the key, all of the parts are in the position shown 1n full lines in Figs. 4 and 7. Stud 27 upon the bolt is in envagement with recesses 36 in the tumblers, tiche dog is locked out of operative osition by the engagement of wall 3() wit stud 46, and the liacli late and theintermediate plate are locliedjtogether liv the engagement of loclring plate 49 with the recess in stud 47. Before the bolt can be retracted it is neces sary to unlock the hack plate from the intermediate plate so that the back plate can be s rung outward (see dotted lines Fig. 7). and og 24 released from stud 46. The :first operation that must he performed preliminary to retracting the bolt is to move releas- This moves locking plate 49, as seen in Fig. 4, toward the right against the power of spring 54 and leaves locking stud 47 released. Th1 operator still holding l plate 52 toward the left as seen in Fig. 1, wlth the hey, a nail or any suitable implement, presses inward upon ing plate 52 (sec Fig. l) toward the left;

position. A vb ook 53 carried by a sprlng 54 e1 nose pest being continued until stud 46-is forced ward (toward the front as seen in Fig. 4) 'aienough to release dog 24, which is then in forced by spring 43 under the stud to the nposition shown in. dotted lines in Fig. 5.

1he movement of the dog is limited by the engagement of the wall of clearance recess lin the dog with stud 27 on the bolt. and in the released position of the dog the stud will. be over inclined groove 31 and will drop into said-groove when the back plateis released. The position of stud 46 relatively to. the d og before and after the dog is released, by forcing the outer plate which carries the stud outward by pressure on the key post, will be readily understood by comparing Figs. 4 an d 5in which the stud is shown in section with Figs. 7 and 8. As soon as the dog has been swung under4 the stud by spi-in 43, which be known by a slight click w ien the dog engages std 27, the operator relieves the pressure on the key post which is returned to its normal position by the resiliency of the back plate and releases late 5,2 which returnsl to its normal position, spring 54 and block 53 lcar ing'the lookin plate into engagement Wit the recess in tghe locking stud and loekingthe upper end of the back plate y to the intermediate plate. 'The operator then places' the key (not shown) upon the key post and trns the key toward the left, as seen in' Fig. 4, to retract the bolt. The bits 'of the key engage the tumblers and raise them, releasing stud 27 from recesses 36 and leaving the stud central in slots in the Qtumblers. Another portion of the key engages Wall 29 on the dog and moves the dog and with it the bolt from the secondary or full thrown position toward t-lic left as seen in igs..4 and 5, leaving it at the primary locking osition indicated by the dotted line 57., the bolt being still entirely through the keeper. t should be understood that prior tothe release of the dog and its movement trom the full line to the dotted position, in-

dicated by 57, the key may be rotated freely in' either direction and will raise the tumblers but Will have no effect on the bolt as no portion of the bolt or the dog carried thereby is now in position to be engaged by the key. ln case ofan attempt to pick the lock by means of a'ialse key some of the recesses 41 in the tumblers are likely to be engaged by stud 27 thereby locking the bolt against movement in either direction. lirst rotation of the key, wall 58 on the bolt will be in approximate f the dotted position of wall 29 upon thedog in Fig. 5 and will be y engagedfby the key during its second rotation, the e'dect of which will be to raise the tumblers as before, leaving stud 27 in slots 35 and to movethe bolt from the dottedposition, indicated bv 57 in Eiga-4, 5 and-e. to

After the' the dotted position, indicated by 56, which is the fully retracted. position.

.es has already been explained and is shown in Fie. 5, in the released or unlocking position of tile dog, stud 46 will yee in engagement with inclined groove 31. When the bolt and dog are moved backward from the secondary or` fully thrown position to the primary lockingr position, indicated by the dotted line 57, the stud will ride up the in eline, and when the bolt and dog are moved from the primary locking to the retracted position, indicated by the dotted line 56, the

'stud will pass off from the dog andwill drop into recess 32 therein. When the bolt is in the fully retracted position the dog will be in the `position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4. When the bolt is moved to either the primary or secondary locking ositions, wall 3G of the dog will ride along t e stud which will raise the dog as the bolt is moved forward, and in the secondarylocking position of the bolt the dog will be in the full line position in F ig. 4 and both dog and lolt will le wholly out of reach of the key. From this position the dog can only be released ly inward pressure upon the key post after the yielding back plate has vbeen unlocked. It it is desired to use the lock as an ordinary lock, the bolt may be thrown to the primary locking position, that is to thedotted position indicated by 57, by a sin le rotation of the key and may be retracted y a single reverse rotation of the key. Should it be required, however, to make retraction of the holt as diilicult as possible, the lzolt is thrown from the primary locking position indicated by dotted line 57 to the secondary or fully thrown position, as in full lines in Fi s. 4, 5 and 6, by an additional rotation of t ic key. From this position, as already stated, the bolt can only he retracted by iirst moving plate 52 to unlock the outer plate and then springing the outer plate outward by pressure on the key post to release the dog and then inserting the proper key and giving it two reverse rotations.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a look, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwinfJr the bolt and a wall for engagement by a Key in retracting the lolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt and having a wall for engagement bythe key in the first movement of retracting thebolt, and means for retaining the dog but' of operative position so that operation ol" the key will have no ell'ect `on the bolt.

2. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a Wall for engagement by the key in retreating the bolt, of a dog pivotal to :he holt and having a wall for enneigement 'he the key in the iirst movement of retracting the bolt, a ieldin back plate and a stud carried by the back p ate by which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, so that the bolt cannot be retracted.

3. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a wall for engagement by the key in retractin the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the .bolt au( having a wall for engagement by the ke in the irst movement of retracting the bo t, a yieldingr back plate, a stud carried by said plate by which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, and means for locking the back plate against movement.

4. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and awall for engagement by the key in retrabtin(lr the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt ando having a wall for engagement by the ke in the first movement of retracting the bo t, a yielding back plate, a stud carried by said plate by which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, alocking stud carried by said plate, a locking plate engaging said stud to ook the back plate against movement and means-for actuating. the locking plate from outside the lock to release the back plate.

5. In a lock, the combination with a boit having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a wall for engagement by the key in retracting the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt and having a wall for engagement by the ke' in the lirst movement of reti-acting the bolt, a yieldingv` back plate carrying a stud by which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown and a stud having a locking recess, a sprin -controlled plate engaging said recess to loe the back plate against movement and means for controlling the locking plate from outside the lock.

6. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a wall for engagement by the key in retracting the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt and havinfIr a Wall for engagement by the key in the rst movement ol' retracting the bolt, ayielding back plate, a stud carried by said plate by` which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, means for locking the back plate against movement and means for releasing the dog when the back late is released.

7. n a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a Wall for engagement by the key in retractin the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt an having a l" Wall for engagement by the key in the Vfirst movement of retracting the bolt, a yielding back plate carrying a stud by which the dog is retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, a locking stud and a key post, a spring-controlled locking plate en aging the locking stud to lock the back p ate against movement, a releasing plate on the outer side of the lock and a connection between the releasing plate and the locking plate, pressure on the key post when the ack plate is released acting to spring the back late and release the doo'.

8. n a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt, and a wall for engagement by the key in retraeting the bolt, of a spring-controlled dog pivoted to the bolt and having a wall for engagement b i the key in the first movement of retracting t e bolt, a yielding back plate carrying a stud by which the dogis retained out of operative position when the bolt is fully thrown, and a key ost and means controlled from the outer si e of the lock for locking the back plate against movement, pressure on the key post when the back plate is released acting to spring the back plate and release the dog which moves ito {lipsition to permit retraction of the bolt 9. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwing the bolt and a wall for engagement by a key in retracting the bolt, of a dog pivoted to the bolt and having a Wall for of retreating the bolt, a wall adapted to engave a stud for the purpose set forth, and an innilined groove rising from the rear end thereof and a yielding back plate carrying a stud which in the fully thrown position of the bolt retains the dog out of operative osition, said stud releasing the dog when t ie back plate is swung outward and riding up the inoline of the slot and then off from the dog when the bolt is retracted, the thro wing of the bolt causing the dog to be again raised by the stud out of' operative position. l

10. In a lock, the combination with-abolt having walls for successive engagemeit by a key in throwing the boltI and a wall or engagement by a key in retracting the bolt, of a spring-controlled dog pivoted to the bolt and .having a wall 29 for engagement bythe key in the lirst movement of retracting the bolt, a wall 30, an inclined groove rising from the rear end thereof and a recess in one side and a yielding back plate carrying a stud which in the fully thrown position of the bolt is engagd by wall 30 to retain the dog out of operative position, said stud releasing the do when the back late is sprung outward an then riding up tlieincline of the slot and in td the recess when the bolt is retracted.

11. In a lock, the combination with a bolt engagement by the key in the first movement having walls for successive engagement by a v gagement b r a engagement by the key in the first movement of retracting the boltanother Wall adapted to enga e 'a stud for the purpose set forth, and an'mclined groove rising from the rear fend thereof, a ieldivback plate earryin a stud which in t e fully thrown position of t e bolt retains tlhe dog out of operative position, and means for locking the back plate against movement, outward movement of the back plate when released causing the stud to release the dog. 4

12. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having walls for successive engagement by a key in throwin the bolt and a Wall for eney in retracting the bolt of a og pivote to the bolt and having a Wall for engagement by the key in the first movement of retracting the bolt, another Wall adapte to engage a stud for the purpose set forth, and an inclined groove rising from the rear end thereof, a 'elding back plate carryingha stud which in t e fully thrown position of t e bolt retains the vdog out of operative position and a key post, and means for locking the back plate against movement, pressure on the key post' when the back plate is released causin the stud to release the dog.

13. n a lock, the combination with a face plate, shouldered studs projecting therefrom and intermediate and back plates secured to said studs, one end of the ack left unattachedv and free to yiel of a bolt having Walls for successive engagement by a late being key in throwing the bolt and a wall for enga ement by the key in retracting the bolt a `og pivoted to the bolt and having a wall for engagement by the key in the first movement of retracting the bolt, a stud carried by the back plate by which the dog is retained out of operative position When the bolt is fully thrown, and means for locking the back plate against movement, pressure on the back plate when released causing the stud to release the doo.

14. In a lock, the combination with abolt having Walls for successive engagement by a key in throwin the bolt, a Wall for engagement by the ey in retracting the bolt, and a stud 27, of a dog pivoted to the bolt and having a Wall for engagement by the ke in the first movement of retract ing the bo t and tumblers having corres ondinglongitudinal slots which receive sai stud freely, and also havingl recesses which are engaged by said stud to ook the bolt in the retracted and in the rimary and secondary locking positions, a yielding back late carrying a stud 46 by Which the dog is eld out of operative osition when the bolt is fully thrown an means for locking the back late a ainst movement, pressure on the ack p ate When it is released causing stud 46 to release the dog.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

WALERJAN SZYMANSKI. Witnesses:

H. A. LAMB, S .W. ATHERTON. 

